表示特点的分词：
它也可以表示比较长久或永久性的特点。这时它的形容词特点胜过它的动词特点：
Germs are living creatures (=not inanimate things, creatures that can live).
She is a charming lady (attractive lady, lady who charms others)
The working classes are usually poor.
There were many flying fish.
We watched the moving pictures (=motion pictures)
Used cars (=old cars,cars which have been used) are cheaper than new ones/
Stolen love (=Secret love, love which is stolen), though dangerous, tastes exceptionally sweet.
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3/和用作形容词的动名词的差别：
用在名词前的现在分词和用在名词前起形容词作用的动名词是有区别的，从意思上、重音上及是否加连字号，都有区别。下面各对句子中，第一句中带-ing词尾的动词为分词，第二句中带-ing词尾的动词为动名词：
Boiling water(=Water that is boiling) can produce enormous power.
Water begins to boil at the boiling-point(=point at which liquid boils;而不是point which boils).
He is a walking dictionary (=dictionary that canwalk, learned man).
He came with a walking-stick (=stick for walking;非stick that os walking)
How clever that dancing bear (=bear that is dancing) is!
He is a dancing-master (=master who teaches dancing).
Someone said many years ago that China was a sleeping lion (=lion that was sleeping).
He is in the sleeping-car (=car for sleeping,而不是 car that is sleeping).
Running water is cleaner than stagnant water.
It is a running-track for sportsmen.
4/用作名词的情况
和形容词一样，某些分词在加the时（后面不跟名词），可以代表一类人或一种抽象东西：
Which are more numerous, the dead or the living (=the living people)
Something must be done immediately with the wounded and the dying.
What should we do with the oppressed, the defeated the insulted and the injured?
Can we say anything about the unseen (=the thing unseen) and the unknown (=the thing unknown)?
译路通武汉汉口翻译公司
2012.8.5